Annotated Bibliography

Yechan Bae

English 21003-M

Professor Matyakubova

10 April, 2018

Annotated Bibliography

Works Cited

Szpak, Aleksandra, and Danny Allen. “A Case of Acute Suicidality Following Excessive Caffeine Intake.” Journal of Psychopharmacology, vol. 26, no. 11, 2012, pp. 1502–    1510.

                        This particular journal explores the relationship of caffeine and mental health. It        states that excessive intake of stimulant drinks that contain caffeine encourage psychiatric conditions such as panic attacks and anxiety. The journal further discusses the case of acute suicidality due to sleep deprivation after the excessive caffeine consumption. The authors of this journal conclude that sleep deprivation due to excessive caffeine intake raises a high possibility of suicidality, due to the mental illnesses such as depression and mania.

                        This journal is very relevant as it supports my first point in my thesis: the connection between excessive caffeine intake and mental illnesses. It is also very relevant since it proves the connection of psychiatric conditions, such as anxiety, depression, panic attacks, and mania, with the excessive caffeine consumption in the body. Additionally, the authors of this journal increase the awareness of danger, as they suggest that there is high possibility of suicide due to sleep deprivation caused by excessive caffeine intake.

Champlin, Sara, et al. “Is the Consumption of Energy Drinks Associated with Academic     Achievement Among College Students?” The Journal of Primary Prevention, vol. 37,   no. 4, 2016, pp. 345–359.

                        This journal explains the relationship between caffeinated drinks and academic         performance of college students. The authors conducted a survey of 844 first year undergraduates, equal of gender and race, who reported their health behaviors through an online survey. The authors used multiple linear regression modelling with the caffeinated energy drinks and the student’s current grade point average (GPA). According to their results, caffeinated energy drinks consumption is associated with a lower GPA among these college students.

                        The findings in this journal supports my thesis, as it explores the side effects of energy drinks (caffeinated drinks) as decreasing academic performance. Lots of energy drinks act as stimulants through the means of caffeine, and this particular study explores the relationship of caffeine consumption with academic performance. The study mentioned in this journal is very reliable, as the gender and race and age group of the participants were very well controlled, as well as the potential cofounding variables. This particular claim that explores the relationship between energy drinks and academic performance, connects with my fourth claim, which explores the relationship between caffeine consumption and cognition.

Landolt, Hans Peter. “CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS. Caffeine, the Circadian Clock, and Sleep.”         Science (New York, N.Y.), vol. 349, no. 6254, 2015, p. 1289.

                        This article explains that caffeine consumption disrupts the quality of sleep among its consumers. It refers to the study by Burke and others, explaining that caffeine consumed in the evening is equivalent of a double espresso, thus causing a negative impact on sleep cycle. The article specifically mentions that caffeine consumption interferes with the circadian clock, as it causes a negative impact on brain functions that rely on slow-wave sleep. Finally, the article concludes that caffeine consumption may enhance nighttime wakefulness, reduce the depth of sleep, and prolong the time to fall asleep.

                        This source is very relevant, as it supports my thesis by showing the relationship of caffeine and sleep interference. It contributes to my overall research paper as it corporates more ethos in my findings, since I will be using a testimony from my family member who struggled with her sleep cycle because of caffeine consumption throughout the day. The findings in this article also supports my second point in my thesis regarding the academic performance, as being sleep deprived can also be a main factor of poor academic performance. The claim made in this article, that caffeine consumption, especially at evening time, disrupts the sleep cycle as well as giving a hard time for the consumers to fall asleep, will really improve the ethos in my paper.

Rogers, Peter, et al. “Faster but Not Smarter: Effects of Caffeine and Caffeine Withdrawal on          Alertness and Performance.” Psychopharmacology, vol. 226, no. 2, 2013, pp. 229–240.

                        This article describes a study which measures the effect of caffeine on cognition-     related tasks. Participants were given a task after double-blind treatment of either caffeine (100 mg, then 150 mg) or placebo. The study found that caffeine enhances physical performance (faster tapping speed and reaction times) but was associated with poorer mental response. The study concluded that frequent consumption of caffeine decreases mental performance.

                        The findings of this study support my thesis, as it shows the side effect of caffeine on cognition. The study conducted in this article specifically measured the effects of caffeine on cognition in simple and systematic method by measuring two differing levels of caffeine intake among the participants: medium-high and non-low. This article also supports to my second point regarding academic performance, because it shows the relationship between caffeine intake and poor cognitive tasks.